Currently, there are several proposed strategies to solve Ethereum’s Scalability problem, and they can be broken into two categories:
On-Chain Solutions: On-Chain solutions focus on improving the native blockchain itself. The most popular flavors are i) Consensus Protocol Improvements and ii) Multi-Chain Architectures
Off-Chain Solutions: Off-Chain solutions move transaction, data and or / security off of the native blockchain to increase efficiency. Popular off-chain solutions include Rollups, Side Chains, Plasma and Validium